Defending Barbie

When I was young, one of the most favorite songs I usually listened to is â€Å"Barbie Girl†. The song started with funny melodies about a blonde single girl named Barbie. She lived in her dream house with swimming pool, convertible and lovely things. She also had a boyfriend named Ken. She was not a girl coming from this song but a doll who was created in 1959 by Mattel. Until now she is over 50 years-old but her beauty and her lifestyle are always the dream of children. She does not look like the fashionable trends which will be old-fashionable after a short period. Her influences to children never decline. Barbie is not only a plastic doll that cannot talk and interact but also a friend who plays an inspiring role in their life. In my experience with playing and owning Barbie's, Barbie has had nothing but the fun and positive impacts on my life. First of all, the most positive impact of Barbie is the meaningful messages which she brings to us through her story. Barbie is famous with her dream house, convertible, beautiful outfits, luxurious jewelries and expensive shoes. She owns the luxurious things which she acquires them all by herself from being a career woman. She is a symbol of a successful woman by working in a wide range of jobs such as a dentist, a teacher, a police, a chef, a baby-sitter, a fire-fighter, an artist and so on. For this reason, she can earn a lot of money by her own capacity and buy everything she likes. Not just that, Barbie is also a fashionmonger. She always appears in the most beautiful outfits with different styles and she will be the person who updates the newest fashionable trends of famous brands. She has a boyfriend but she does not dependent on his bank account. She is depicted as an independent girl who does not rely on a man to take care or support for her. By her own way, Barbie becomes an ideal model of women, a public idol who many children want to become. They all want a Barbie to play with and to be like her because of her meaningful message that Barbie can be anything she wants and so do they. Besides that, there are countless valuable messages she brings to children such as being feminine, living independent from man, doing anything you want, working any kind of jobs which you like, achieving your dreams by putting your heart and mind into it, being fashionable†¦ hrough her special and unique lifestyle. Secondly, Barbie helps children develop their creation. Owning a Barbie doll is not a simple work. When we buy a Barbie, she just looks like the other Barbie dolls with same faces, same body shapes, same outfits or even same colors of hair. However children have their freedom to make her become different. Whether she will become a unique doll depends on children's hands and minds. If they want Barbie to be different, they have to figure out and act. It is the way Barbie motivates children's minds in imaginative acts. Holding Barbie in their hand, they can start to change the appearance of Barbie by typing her hair up with rubber brands, make braids or change Barbie hair lengths by cutting shorter too. Besides that, they can also try to replace the set of her outfits by the other one. It is not compulsory that Barbie has to wear this T-shirt with his trouser. Children can combine the t-shirt with a long skirt and create a new style. Moreover they can modify the length of her dresses as they might like or they can even try to sew a new dress or a T-shirt for her. The ideas to imagine the context which Barbie belongs to is not a bad ideas. For example, Barbie who wears a gorgeous dress may attend in a prom party. Not just that, due to her flexible body children can modify the position of her arms, bend her legs or sink her head like she is greeting someone for their ideas. Barbie makeovers are not only fun, but also creative. It step by step helps children show their own style. Barbie successfully shows her power in promoting the children's imagination and creation. Moreover Barbie is a friend who inspires children to show their own identity. Playing with their Barbie, children have a chance to show their dream, their lifestyle and their personalities. The children would like to spend many hours to take part in a role play that Barbie is the main character. The context is one of the necessary elements in their imaginative play. Nothing is scripted in their imagination; it includes children's pretended role play. In their play, Barbie will be a reflective image of children. For example, if the child considers Barbie as a teacher, she may create a play that Barbie goes to the school and works at 7 a. m. At 5 p. m, she comes back her home and plays with her children. Then there are some conservation between Barbie and her children†¦ In this case, perhaps the child has a dream to be a good teacher in future. She also thinks about her future as a kind mother with a lot of children around her. Besides that, the child shows her time for Barbie going to work and coming back home means that she is very good at managing her time. However the role of Barbie in these plays is not fixed. Children usually change Barbie's careers and extend the plots as well as the conservation to illustrate their family life, imagine adolescent life and glamorous events. Barbie will be the copy of children which helps them show their dreams, their personalities and their real life. Since I was 12 years old, Barbie was always appeared in my wish lists. That was the time when I came to my friend's house and saw her doll. Her Barbie's beauty going along with her beautiful outfits and accessorizes makes me fall in love with her. However it was not easy to own a Barbie doll due to its price and its market distribution. I remember at that time it is very difficult to find the original Barbie in Vietnam. The only way to own a Barbie doll at that time was you had to buy in America and send back. My dream only came true when my uncle came back to Vietnam in 2009. He brought a Barbie doll as a gift for me. Although it was not a right time for me to play Barbie due to my busy schedule and my age, I still felt very happy when owning such a beautiful doll. Every weekend, I have to go to Ho Chi Minh City and I take a bus to come back my hometown. When I leave, my younger sister usually stays at home alone. As the result, Barbie became my younger sister's friend whom she could spend for hours to play with. One day when I came home from Ho Chi Minh City, my sister asked me to design some clothes for Barbie. I accepted her request because I thought this was a good chance to me for practicing my sewing skills. We came to some tailor shops asking for scarps of fabric together. Then we tried to sew the simplest outfit for Barbie without taking her measurements or sketching out her outfit including a strapless shirt and a mini skirt. Although they were not really excellent, it was an unexpected success and it made us feel really satisfied for our efforts. By sewing the outfit for Barbie, we together stimulate our creation. Not just that, she also enjoyed changing Barbie's appearance for example the hair. Thanks to the long and straight hair, my sister created many different hairstyles as far as she could imagine. Sometimes Barbie becomes a charming girl with the small lovely braids, another time she turned into an active girl with the basic horse-tail style. Besides that as far as I know, she also had a schedule for taking care of Barbie. She usually changed Barbie's hair and her outfits every day and cleaned the dirt in Barbie every weekend. Taking care of Barbie shows how thoughtful and careful she was. Barbie somehow helps me realize my sister's identity. Sometimes when I came home and saw my younger sister was talking to Barbie. She often played a role as a teacher and Barbie was her student. She had her own classroom map which included the position of her friends and Barbie in class. She taught Barbie the subjects she studied such as Math, Literature or Music. Thanks to the plays she performed together with Barbie; I realize many potential capabilities of my younger sister as well as her identity and her thoughts. While many people today only pay attention to Barbie's unreal body shape and argue about her negative influences she may bring to children due to her story and her lifestyles, they seem to forget her positive impacts. In my opinion, instead of complaining about Barbie and her body measurements, we should reinforce the facts that Barbie helps life of children become more beautiful and lively. By the time when children grow up, Barbie will help them figure out their career, their characteristics and their lifestyle. She is not a plastic doll who was named Barbie but a bridge and an instructor guiding children to their future. What a wonderfully full and imaginative world we enjoy with Barbie!

The Reasons Why the World’s Languages Are Disappearing

The reasons why the world’s languages are disappearing Language is everything; because language is a part of culture which is inseparable with human’s life. People speak by their language regardless of what language they use. There are more than 60. 000 languages which do exist in the world; but unfortunately nowadays every fortnight, a language dies; more than half of the world’s languages are in danger; and by the end of this century it is going to disappear completely. The pace of the languages extinctions are faster than the extinction of flora and fauna. The proof is in the last 5 centuries, an estimated half of the world’s languages have become extinct; but now language does not even need much longer period to become extinct; a century and it will be done. The primary reason as to why the world’s languages are disappearing is it has no longer speakers. Research proved that for the minor language, only a few people speak. Ironically, what research means by minor is the local languages; in fact there are much more languages that is considered as minor or local rather than the major. It means that there are lots of languages which potentially extinct. Next, the second reason is the languages are considered old-fashioned. Moreover, some societies are surrounded by people who speak more common language. Therefore, those societies decide to leave their mother tongue because it is some kind of disgrace of still speaking it in the middle of the society who speak more modern languages. The third one, it is because of natural disaster. It just disappeared instantly. People died and also the language. Therefore there is nobody who can spread the language; because they themselves as the native speakers died. Reason number four is because of the complexity. People hate learning a difficult language; lots of minor and local languages have a high complexity as of finally people do not want to learn it and by doing so, they do not speak it. Finally, there are 4 reasons why lots languages died out. All of them are the basic reasons; but not only human who has contributed to the disappearing but also the nature. Therefore to stop the disappearing, there must be something that we are suppose to do; such as try to learn the local language, learn to be proud of it and learn to keep it all the time.

Personal Life and William Hazlitt

Many people say will say that â€Å"money cannot buy happiness. † Nineteenth-century author, William Hazlitt, wrote â€Å"On The Want of Money† to put forward his belief that a life without money is a life full of misery. Hazlitt uses negative diction, parallelism, and specific syntax to show that a person could not lead a happy life without money. In his writing, Hazlitt uses negative diction to discuss the importance of money in one’s life.. Hazlitt uses words like â€Å"crabbed† â€Å"morose† and â€Å"querulous† to show the discontent one would feel without money.With his gloomy word choice, Hazlitt establishes a negative tone and gives his audience a clear idea of what a miserable life one would have without money. Doing this, he suggests the idea that the poor have no control of their lives because they don’t have the money to change the way their miserable lives. Equally important, Hazlitt uses parallelism to stress the importan ce of money in a happy life and show the dreadful instances a person in poverty can go through.He states that living without money, â€Å"it is to live out of the world, or to be despised if you come into it†¦it is to be scrutinized by strangers, and neglected by friends†¦Ã¢â‚¬  By doing this, Hazlitt explains how a person without money cannot possibly be happy, because he or she will be disliked by everyone around them. The dark mood set by all of the examples Hazlitt gives portrays what Hazlitt thinks a life without money would be: difficult, lonely and overall unhappyFurthermore, Hazlitt uses specific syntax to prove his point that one without money cannot possibly be happy. He uses one long sentence that stretches from lines 2 to 47 to put an emphasis on the fact that people without money lead a life filled with misery. Hazlitt’s use of the lengthy sentence represent all of the never-ending obstacles one without money faces. Hazlitt’s purpose in doing t his is to accent his idea that a person without money does not lead a happy life.By using one long sentence instead of many shorter ones, Hazlitt makes the reader feel hopeless and as if they were drowning in their distress Overall, Hazlitt uses negative diction, parallelism and syntax to show his belief that money is what gives you happiness in life. By stating so many examples and employing his strategies, Hazlitt makes reader feel deprived of their hope of being happy in this world without money, which is exactly what the author’s purpose was. To be without money is to be â€Å"†¦dissatisfied with every one, but most so with yourself.. †

GDP Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GDP Paper - Essay Example These countries are not democratic, do not uphold gender equality and have been repeatedly cited by Amnesty International for human rights abuses (Amnesty International, 2006). In direct comparison, the United States, Great Britain and France, to name but a handful, are all democratic nations which uphold gender equality. While they have been cited for human rights abuse, they have been at a significantly much lower rate than the previously mentioned nations (Amnesty International, 2006). Yet, in accordance with GDP per capita statistical measures, these countries rank as the seventh, the twenty-first and the twenty-fifth on the global GDP scale (IMF, 2008). This is a clear indication of the extent to which GDP contributes to inaccurate readings of national development status and, indeed, fails to provide an accurate reading of the living standards and quality of life enjoyed, or suffered, by populations. As the weakness of GDP ultimately lies in that which it does not measure, it ne eds to be supplemented with poverty index, human development index and gender development index measures. GDP is a weak statistical indicator of national development ... As may be deduced from the foregoing, therefore, it does not discriminate between the rich and the poor, thereby indicating poverty levels and, does not calculate literacy and gender equality levels, to name but a few critical indicators. Added to that, and as Chant (2008) explains, in its calculation of the total amounts spent on healthcare in a given country within a specified time frame, it interprets higher expenditure levels as a positive indicator of well being rather than as an indicator of possibly worsening health conditions. The implication here is, therefore, that not only does it exclude critical indicators from its measurement of national developmental and economic status but, that the GDP and the GDP per capita measures are inherently incapable of providing an accurate indicator of economic and developmental status because the measure is non-discriminatory and tends towards generalizations. Even though GDP and GDP per capita fail to provide an accurate picture of a country's economic and developmental status and most certainly do not reflect the standards of living enjoyed by populations in question, the measurement has its uses. It may not accurately calculate standards of living and economic well-being but it is an indicator of the size of an economy (Ezcurra, 2007). Through the calculation of the monetary value of the goods and services which are produced within the economy and the financial exchanges which occur therein, the measure quite accurately conveys the size of the economy and by calculating the said size in relation to per capita income, it functions as an indicator of whether or not the economy has the capacity to sustain and maintain its population or not (Ezcurra, 2007).

Market structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Market structure - Essay Example According to Baumol and Blinder (2011 p. 200), such a market must satisfy four conditions. First, the market has many small firms and customers such that no participants are large enough to have market power to affect the price of a product. If one producer reduces the price, there would be no effect on the market since the producer is negligible compared to the whole market. This condition rules out the possibilities for collusion or trade associations; each firm acts independently (Tucker, 2010). Secondly, all the suppliers sell a homogeneous product; there are no close substitutes (McEachern, 2011). As such, the consumers buy products from any seller since the products are the same thus competition is very powerful. The demand curve is perfectly elastic hence if a seller increases the price of the product, customers shift to buy competitors products. The firms have no choice but to meet and not exceed the price charged by others hence are â€Å"price takers† (Baumol & Blind er, 2011 p. 201). Thirdly, there are no barriers to entry or exit in the market. Barriers to entry may be in form of legal, technical or cost advantage but in a perfectly competitive market, any seller willing to enter the industry can do so to take advantage of economic profits and provide an identical product (p. 200). The new entrant is at the same level with the old firms; there are no advantages for existing firms so the new firm can compete effectively. Lastly, the infinite buyers and sellers have perfect information regarding the price and quality of products in the market. As a result, there is no need for advertising as it would have no effect; the customers know where to buy their products and besides, all products are identical and the price is determined by the market. According to Landsburg (2011), in a perfectly competitive market there are no transaction costs and perfect factor mobility. This enables the market to adjust accordingly in case of changing market conditi ons. Q2: Price and Output Decisions of a Perfectly Competitive Market As noted above, there are infinite buyers and sellers in the market such that none has an effect on price. The price in such a market is determined by forces of supply and demand hence the sellers are â€Å"price takers†. Sexton (2012) argues that since the market price is given, the only decision that firms have to make is determining the level of output that would maximize profit. The question firms should ask themselves as asserted by McEachern (2011 p. 176) is â€Å"how much should I produce?† He notes that firms aim at producing a quantity at which total revenue is higher than total cost by the greatest amount. The profit maximizing output in a perfectly competitive market occurs where marginal revenue (MR) is equal to marginal cost (MC); MR=MC therefore the firms are seen to allocate resources efficiently. A perfectly competitive firm has a horizontal demand curve thus it can sell as much quant ity as it wants at the given market price. Whether the firm increases its output or not, the price remains the same as there are many sellers. It also does not have to reduce the price so as to attract demand as it would lead to loss of revenue for the firm (Baumol & Blinder, 2011). Since total revenue is the output multiplied by the price, the average revenue is the same as price. The firm is also a price taker hence the marginal revenue is equal to

Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi - Essay Example The essay "Architecture of a structure in Abu Dhabi" explores the city Abu Dhabi and its architecture and building structure. When talking about building structures whether they be simple bridges or colossal skyscraper monoliths, one must always take into account both architecture and engineering. Science and art are two sides of the same coin. Engineering is described in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary as â€Å"the design and manufacture of complex products† as well as â€Å"the application of science and mathematics by which the properties of matter and sources of energy in nature are made useful to people.† It is then the scientific aspect of construction, it is the theory used and applied by engineers to safely construct structures and making them fundamentally sound for use. The same site gives this definition for architecture; â€Å"the art or science of building; specifically: the art or practice of designing and building structures and especially habitabl e ones.† By the definition of architecture given here, both art and science coexists in achieving the purpose of both engineering and architecture. Although they may have varying degrees of thought and practice, they ultimately have the same goal; to construct beautiful and inspiring structures for mankind. But art is also subject to the traditions and influences of the local context and culture. Given the Middle-Eastern impression and history of the city, Abu-Dhabi has a definite edge and a very distinct face when it comes to its architecture.

Sophocles, Oedipus the King ,Summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sophocles, Oedipus the King ,Summary - Assignment Example He assures them that this is also his pain and that he has sent Creon to ask the god Apollo for his help. From Creon we learn that Thebes can only be saved when the pollution living inside it is banished. For the murderer of Laios, Thebes’s previous king, resides in the city and was never found. The case was left uninvestigated because at the time the city was troubled by the sphinx. Oedipus also beseeches everyone to help him find this murderer and calls for the blind prophet Tiresias. When he is summoned, Tiresias tells the king that Oedipus himself is the â€Å"ungodly pollution† and that he doesn’t know what a disgraceful and filthy life he is living (Line 353). His shamefulness has caused the grief and suffering through out the city and its residents. This angers Oedipus and he retaliates by saying that he is conspiring with Creon to overthrow him and take the kingdom for himself. Here we learn that although Tiresias is blind, he sees the truth much clearer than the powerful and envious king, Oedipus. Tiresias goes on to prophesize that before the day is over, the man responsible for everything will be found to be â€Å"a resident stranger as it seems, but soon to be revealed as a native Theban† (451).

El Nino And Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

El Nino And Disease - Essay Example Although largely a regional phenomenon, as Fagan portrays, the effects are global in nature, as shown through various analyses. Warm ocean water temperatures, occurring anomalously, do develop from the South American west coast and influence climatic conditions across the vast Pacific Ocean. The El Nià ±o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) refers to different variations, in terms of the surface ocean temperatures along the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. Air surface pressure is also affected within the Pacific Ocean’s tropical eastern region with the two variations being coupled (successive in nature). First, is the warm oceanic phase (El Nià ±o), which goes hand in hand with high air surface pressure, within the western Pacific region.Next follows the cold phase, which occurs with low oceanic air pressure. The above scenario portrays two extremes of climatic patterns, with the oscillations causing such conditions as droughts on the one hand, and floods on the other. This is the pr imary reason, why cholera and malaria are the most endemic of diseases significantly influenced by this phenomenon. Regionally, the wider Pacific Ocean is affected, in terms of water temperatures (both above and below the surface); in addition to developing nations, especially those bordering the water mass. These states, majorly dependent upon the fishing industry, and the agricultural sector are thus influenced in more than one way.Not only is their economic basis majorly affected, so too are the prevailing health statistics.

Diagnosis and Assessment week 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diagnosis and Assessment week 1 - Essay Example As an example, in statistics, an abnormality may be the deviation from the average or the majority of other distributions. Intelligence is another area where there is a normal distribution of IQ scores, and then there are standard deviations that are higher or lower than the norm which can show an individual as genius (higher) or mentally retarded (lower). (Dewey, 2010). Society is structured with certain rules and controls that give people an understanding of normal. Normal in this situation is what the majority sees or does. People are expected to follow the rules and those who do not follow these rules are seen as abnormal. In other words, anything that goes against what is considered to be normal by the majority is considered abnormal. The DSM-IV-TR (2000) describes mental disorders rather than saying what is abnormal. They make a distinction between mental disorders and general medical conditions. The general medical condition is defined as any condition that is not a mental condition (American Psychiatric Association (APA), 2000). They suggest that "no definition adequately specifies precise boundaries for the concept of mental disorder" (p. xxx). The APA also defines a mental disorder as a "clinically significant behavior or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present distress" (APA, p. xxxi). The challenge in using these definitions as a way to assess clients is that clients are labeled by these definitions. For insurance purpose, the counselor must be able to make some sort of diagnosis, but in giving an abnormal diagnosis, the client receives a label that may stay with them the rest of their lives. Designating a client as normal can also create problems because the idea of normal is different for different people. Culture brings another issue to this discussion because cultures have traditions and/or customs

Health care policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health care policy - Essay Example The Health Care policy is addressed to articulate the origins and benefits of the scheme that has noticed various setbacks in the implemented environments. Health care policy is the strategies developed to regulate the need to complete measures that are needed to offer affordable health attention. The U.S. provides variable entities to the provision that is initiated in different sectors. The health care facilities are privately owned with organizations and the government offering the needed packages for attention. The policy is mostly offered by the government to initiate the Medicare and Medicaid policies. The higher spending in the Health Care system has reduced the mortality rate in America significantly promising healthy living to the people. However, the elevated costs incurred, and inflation threatens the sustainability of the system (Shannon, 2004). There are provided unnecessary spending that present to limit the American economy. The growth of the system is challenged in the organization and provision that have been established as constraining to the policy. The recent trend has witnessed the health care premium to inflate and rise to tremendous depths as compared to the economy. The health care organization in the U.S. has been elevated to be compared to double the price of those in developed nations (Kronenfeld, 2002). The government initiates the policy from the contribution in the taxes presented by the citizens. The policy is affected by the government and the private institutions that commit to presenting the program to their employees. Institutions offer the Health Care policies to their employees based on the agreement of the package presented. These ensure a healthy working environment that provides security to the employed in times of emergencies (Shannon, 2004). However, the government system may also present desirable measures to be attained in a healthy provision. The Obamacare has

Football definition Essay Example for Free

Football definition Essay Football is a sport defined by its field, equipment, players, and uniforms. Football is a sport with the objective to gain possession of a ball and advance it in running or passing plays across the opponents goal line or kick it through the air between the opponents goalposts. Football is played on a 360 by 160 yard rectangle defined as a field. The players of football are another trait being that each game played consist of 11 players, there is always an offense, a defense, and special teams. In football the uniforms worn consist of tight jerseys so opposing team members can easily be taken down, padded football pants for protective leg covering, high socks to protect their skin from cleats which are shoes with long spikes for the grass fields, and a helmet to protect the head. The equipment used is an oval shaped football. Football is a sport defined by its field, equipment, players, and uniforms. Andrea Dixon Eng. 090-03 May 31, 2012 Instructor Case Definition Paragraph Football I. Topic a. A sport defined by its field, equipment, players, and uniforms. II. Body a. sport i.the object being to gain possession of a ball and advance it in running or passing plays across the opponents goal line or kick it through the air between the opponents goalposts b. field i. played on a field 360 by 160 ii. A game played by two teams of 11 players each on a rectangular c. Players i. A game played by two teams of 11 players each on a rectangular field ii. the offense iii. Defense iv. Special teams d. Uniforms i. Jerseys ii. Padded Football Pants iii. Socks and Shoes iv. helmet v. gloves e. Equipment i. Oval shaped ball III. Conclusion a. A sport defined by its field, equipment, players, and uniforms.

Roles of a Manager within Functional Areas of Business Essay Example for Free

Roles of a Manager within Functional Areas of Business Essay Business and Government are just the same except in all the important aspects.(Joseph L. Bower, 1970, p.70). This quote makes sense, because both require a management level that must be versatile and play distinct roles in different business situations or organizations. These functions are important to any business and its success. Managers Role in a Business Businesss all have different functions, goals, and ratios to gauge, to be successful. A managers job has different levels, and some are from a great extent to a lower degree. But they all must have key attributes to be successful for their subordinates and peers. They must have authority so that those they look over respect them and follow through with a task they delegate. A manager also has to be efficient, with excellent problem-solving skills. Regardless of what business you are in, you will want efficiency, but you will always run into a problem, which will need to be resolved immediately. These problems can be internal with staff, or on a larger scale impacting the business for a sooner than later failure. You will want a manager who can fix the issues, find the issues and coordinate all of this by utilizing the business metric they are using. This metric of activity should be the guidelines in which the company wishes to follow and is a foundation that should make a business successful. Marketing Marketing is another functional area that businesses thrive on. Some in my opinion view this as just a tool that is used to bring in business on a particular product. But in reality utilizes trends, ideas, generations, and considers a lot more from the inside of the company, and allow the outside  world to notice it. The purpose of marketing is not to just find and increase new areas of business. They want to bring the business to the front door, but not let out the back. This is so there can be new business obtained, but it is also retained for an extended term relationship. The marketing manager must oversee all of their team and their ideas and move forward with what they think will help the business. Human Resources Human Resources is an area of business where the manager acts as a service provider, policy police, strategic partner, change agent, and welfare officer. (Welch and Welch 2012). These managers are the enforcers of the law at these businesses, as well as the legislation of the geographic territory they reside in. They need to ensure that they hire the right person for the right job and fire those who may be crippling the business and individuals. They must consistently enforce the rules for the employees at hand and ensure they keep accurate records for the company. Finance and Accounting Finance and accounting are what is looked at as the meat of the business and is necessary for a company to be successful. This can also tell a business where its weaknesss lie. A managers role in this position is to maintain positive numbers. But if this is done correctly it also has different areas of finance. What I mean by this is, there may be a business that thrives on more than one product. If one product is not selling, the correct action could be to remove that product, market it better, or improve the product. This will also let the business know if they can expand if they need more employees and dictate the future of the enterprise. Operations Operations are the creation, moving, or services that need to be put in place so they can reach the hands of the customers. This is one of the biggest factors that can make or break a business. There is a lot of unpredictability in operations, and there must always be a backup plan in place. If there is a breakdown in delivery of a product to a customer, to the business, or not pushing a product on the floor fast enough; this can  end a relationship with a client that depends on, operations to move smoothly. If management has a plan in place, there should be no repercussions from the unexpected. Or they should be able to find a resolution to the operations issue immediately. Operation is a factor that everyone relies on, and I feel that many consumers dont realize how much they rely on it until there is this breakdown in operations. Leadership and Strategic Planning Leadership and strategic planning is an aspect that always needs to be put into place from the very beginning by the management. These plans will help oversee all aspects of a business from the environment to the lower level of subordinates. It will point everyone in the right direction to achieve the goals of the company and even the goals of those in the company. If a particular plan is set forth by the leaders, it should be known to those involved so they could follow these guidelines to meet or exceed the goals. The leadership will ensure that these plans are followed to ensure the success of everyone. Conclusion Everything that is discussed in this essay was a brief description of necessary areas in business, and how management needs to be involved in these fields. All of them are needed for the success of enterprises, and the managers who overlook these different functions need to ensure their duties are carried out properly so the company will succeed. With these areas working appropriately with good leaders, there is a greater chance of success. These guidelines and structures are the foundations on which to build a business. Each aspect plays its role that must be led by people with these foundations as their law book to abide by. These leaders should also be able to pass this knowledge down to their successors so the business can thrive long after they are gone. References Welch and Welch (2012) Joseph L. Bower, Managing the resource allocation Process: A Study of Corporate Planning and Investment, Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Boston, Harvard University Press, 1970, p.70. Anne J. Broderick (1998) Role Theory, Role Management and Service Performance Kane- Urrabazo C. (2006) Managements role in shaping organizational culture

Sr Research Experiment Builder

Sr Research Experiment Builder The SR Research Experiment Builder SREB is a visual experiment creation tool for use by Psychologists and Neuroscientists. The SREB is designed to be easy to use while maintaining a high degree of flexibility. This unique design combination allows for a wide range of experimental paradigms to be created by someone with little or no programming or scripting expertise. When used in combination with the SR Research EyeLink ® eye tracking system, the SREB provides seamless integration into the EyeLink hardware and software platform. Experiments are created in the Experiment Builder by dragging and dropping experiment components into a workspace and configuring the properties of the added components. There are two main classes of experiment components in the Experiment Builder: Actions and Triggers. Actions tell the computer to do something, like displaying a set of graphics on the screen or playing a sound. Triggers define the conditions that must be met before an action can be performed. The flow of the experiment is achieved by connecting sequentially related components in the workspace in a flow diagram like fashion. One of the important concepts in SR Research Experiment Builder is hierarchical organization of events in an experiment. A typical experiment can be dissected into several levels along a hierarchy of Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Blocks à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Trials à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Trial Runtime / Recording. All of the events within each level of this hierarchy can be conveniently wrapped in a loop (called sequence or sub-graph in Experiment Builder). This allows the whole sequence to be connected to other objects as a unit and be repeated several times in a row. Creating EyeLink Experiments To create an Experiment with SR Research Experiment Builder, the user needs to take the following the following steps: Experiment Design Building and Test-running Experiment Deploying Experiment Participant Data Set Randomization Data Collection Data Analysis Following these, a set of files are generated so that the experiment can be run for data collection without relying on the Experiment Builder application. To illustrate the use of Experiment Builder, a very simple eye-tracking experiment can be shown which runs three blocks of four trials. In each trial, a single word is displayed in the centre of the screen. Creating a New Experiment Session Click on the Experiment Builder to start a new session. When the application starts: Click on File à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ New on the application menu bar. In the following New Project dialog box, enter Simple in the Project Name edit box. Click on the button on the right end of the Project Location to browse to the directory where the experiment project should be saved. If you are manually entering the Project Location field, please make sure that the intended directory already exists. Make sure that EyeLink Experiment box is checked for an EyeLink experiment. Note: The user shouldnt manually add or remove files in the experiment directory. Configuring Experiment Preference Settings After a new experiment session is created, the user needs to check whether the default display and screen preference settings are fine for the experiment to be created. Select Edit à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Preferences from the application menu bar or press the F4 key. Click on Preferences à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Devices à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Display to check display settings. Make sure that the settings (Width, Height, Bits per Pixel, and Refresh Rate) used are supported by your video card and monitor. Click on Preferences à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Screen to check Screen Builder settings. Set the Location Type as Center Position. If any of the above settings have been changed and if you want to keep the new settings as defaults for all of your future experiments, click on the button save properties as default. Creating Experiment Block Sequence The first step is to add a block sequence for repeating blocks: Click on the Experiment Tab in the Project Explorer Window to start. Click on the Action Tab of component toolbox. Select the Sequence node, hold down the left mouse button and drag it into the work area. Place the mouse cursor on top of the START node; hold down the left mouse button while moving the mouse cursor on top of the SEQUENCE node. This makes the connection from the START node to SEQUENCE node. (Note: dont make a single or double click on the START node as this will select the node instead. If you have done so, place the mouse cursor on a blank area in the work space and make a single click there. Redo the current step again.) Click on any blank area in the work window. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu. This will re-arrange the nodes in a hierarchical fashion. Click on the SEQUENCE node in the structure list to continue. Editing Block Sequence Next, one will need to edit the properties of the Block Sequence. This involves changing the Label of the sequence to make it more meaningful and changing the iteration count (total number of times a sequence must be executed) to the actual number of blocks to be tested. Click on the value field of the Label property of the Sequence created. Write BLOCK in the text editor and press the ENTER key to finish. Click on the Iteration Count value field and enter 3 as the total number of sequence loops. In the experiment Work Space, double click on the Sequence object to continue. In each block, one has to first give an instruction, perform a camera setup, calibration, and then run the trials (an example has been given below) Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the Display screen action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Click on the Trigger Tab of the component toolbox, select the Keyboard trigger, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Add an EyeLink © Button trigger to the work space. Add a Timer trigger to the work space. Click on the Timer trigger and set the duration to 20000 msec. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox and add a Camera Setup action to the work space. Click on the action and set the Background Color to white (255, 255, 255). Click on the Action Tab of toolbox and add a Sequence node to the work space. This will be our trial sequence. Place the mouse cursor on top of the START node. Hold down the left mouse button while moving the mouse on top of the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. This makes the connection from the start node to the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. Similarly, connect from DISPLAY_SCREEN to KEYBOARD, EL_BUTTON, TIMER triggers. Note that a number is added to these connections, indicating the evaluation order among the three trigger types. Make the connection from the latter three triggers to the EL_CAMERA_SETUP node and from EL_CAMERA_SETUP to the SEQUENCE node. Click at any blank area in the work window. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu. This will re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Double click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN object in the work space (not from the structure list) until the Screen Builder interfaces displayed in the Graph Editor Window. Creating Instruction Screen The user may want to provide instruction to the participants at the beginning of the experiment. This can be done by creating an image file containing the experiment instructions and then using DISPLAY_SCREEN action to show the image. The instruction text can also be created with the multiline text resource. In the current example, multiline text resource text source is used. Click on the multiline text resource button on the screen builder toolbar to select the type of resource to be added. Click anywhere on the screen. In the following Multiline Text Resource Editor: Enter the instruction text. Press CTRL + A to select all text entered. Click the Margins button box to set the text margins. Enter 100 (or desired value) in all fields. Click the OK button on the dialog box. Make sure that the text is still selected. Now click the buttons on the toolbar to set the desired text appearance (font name, font size, font style, alignment style, line spacing, and text colour). Click on the Close button at the top right corner of the dialog to finish. To work with images instead of texts: The image resource is flexible enough to accommodate various modes of displaying (e.g., original image size vs. stretched, top-left aligned or centred). The following discusses the option of displaying images in original size or stretching it to a specific dimension. To display the image in original size, after the image is added to the display, the user should have Use Original Size field of the image checked. Please note that, enabling that field will also make several attributes read-only (Width, Height, Clipping Location, Clipping Width, Clipping Height, and Clipping Area is Gaze Contingent). To stretch all images to a fixed width and height (1024 ÃÆ'- 768 for example), after the image is added to the display, the user should first make sure that the Use Original Size field is unchecked. Check the values of Width and Height fields of sample image added and adjust them if necessary. In addition, the user may need to check the values of Clipping Location, Clipping Width and Clipping Height attributes, which are used to control the part of the image to be shown. By default, the clipping width and height are the same as the image width and height. Please note that the clipping location is always top-left based and the location is relative to the top-left corner of the image. If images are stretched to different dimensions, the user should add two columns in the experiment data source to specify the desired image width and height. After the sample image is added to the display, the user should refer the width, height, clip width, and clip height of the image to the two columns created in the data source. Editing Trial Sequence: Data Source Next, one will have to work on the sequence, which will contain all necessary triggers and actions in each trial. One would also have to create a data source to be used for setting parameters in individual trials. Click on the last SEQUENCE node on the structure list to start. In the property table, click on the value field of LABEL. Set it to TRIAL. Click on the Data Source property to bring up Data Source Editor. Click on the Add Column button. In the following dialog box, type Trial (without quotation marks) in the Column Name editor box and set Column type as Number. Click OK button to finish. Click on the Add Column button again. Set the Column Name as Word and Column type as String. Click OK button to finish. Click on the Add Row button. Enter the desired number (here 12) in the Number of Rows edit box to generate the number of rows of empty cells (here 12). Click on the empty cells of the table just generated. For this example, the values of the Trial column are set as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. For the word column, the following strings have been used: One, Two, Three, Four, till Twelve. Click on the Split by value field. Enter a value (here [4]. This makes sure that only 4 trials are run in each block.) Double click on the TRIAL sequence node in the structure list. Click on Start node under it to continue. Editing Trial Sequence: Preparing Sequence and Drift Correction Each recording trial should begin with a prepare sequence action, followed by a drift correction action, and then by the actual trial recording. The prepare sequence action allows the user to preload the image files or audio clips for real-time image drawing or sound playing, to draw feedback graphics on the Host PC to evaluate participants performance, and to reinitialize trigger settings. The user should typically call this action before performing a drift correction. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the Prepare Sequence action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work space. Click on the added PREPARE SEQUENCE action and review the settings in the property table. Make sure to check Draw To EyeLink Host field is set to IMAGE or PRIMITIVE. This will draw image or simple graphics on the host screen for the purpose of evaluating gaze accuracy. Add a Drift Correction action from the action tab of the component toolbox. Click on the Action Tab of toolbox, select the Sequence node, hold down the left mouse button and drag it into the work space. Make a connection from the START node to PREPARE_SEQUENCE, from PREPARE_SEQUENCE to DRIFT_CORRECTION, and from DRIFT_CORRECT to the SEQUENCE node. Click on any blank area in the Work Space. Click the right mouse button and select Arrange Layout in the popup menu to re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Double click on the newly created sequence to fill in the actual events in the recording. Editing Recording Sequence In a simple recording sequence, one has to display a screen and then wait for a button press response from the participant. The trial times out automatically if no response is made within a user specified time interval in seconds. The display screen is then cleared. Select the newly added Sequence node. Rename the label as RECORDING. Make sure that the Record and Is Real time checkboxes are checked. Double click on the RECORDING node in the structure list until seeing a START node under it. As we double click on the START node, the content of the work area window is also updated. Click on the Action Tab of the component toolbox, select the display screen action, hold down the left mouse button and drag the action into the work area. Click on the Triggers Tab of toolbox, select the TIMER node, hold down the left mouse button and drag the trigger into the work space. Double click on the Timer object. Enter Time out (without quote) in the Message value field and 10000 (time in ms) in the duration field. Add an EyeLink © Button trigger. Add another display screen action. Double click on the action and modify its label as DISPLAY_BLANK. Also uncheck the Send EyeLink DV Message box. Make a connection from the START node to DISPLAY_SCREEN, from DISPLAY_SCREEN to TIMER, from DISPLAY_SCREEN to EL_BUTTON, from TIMER to DISPLAY_BLANK and from EL_BUTTON to DISPLAY_BLANK. Click at any blank area in the work space, then click the right mouse button and select Layout à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in the popup menu. Click ok in the following dialog box. This will re-arrange the nodes in an orderly fashion. Modifying Properties of Display Screen One must first need to check the property settings of the display screen actions. For better Data Viewer integration and for reaction time calculation, a message should be written to the EDF file to indicate the time when the stimulus was visible to the participants. In addition, one may need to draw simple graphics onto the host screen so that the participants gaze accuracy during recording can be evaluated. Click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN node. In the property window of the action, double click on the value field of Message property. Type in SYNCTIME and then press ENTER key to register the change. Make sure that the Send EyeLink © DV Messages and Use for Host Display properties are checked. Select the DISPLAY_BLANK action. Double click on the value field of Message property. Type in blank_screen and then press ENTER key to register the change. Make sure that both Send EyeLink © DV Messages and Use for Host Display checkboxes for the DISPLAY_BLANK action is unchecked. Creating Display Screen In here, one has to add a text resource to the display screen and modify the properties of the text resource, such as font name, size, text to be displayed, and alignment style. One also must have to create an interest area for the text. To do this, first double click on the DISPLAY_SCREEN object in the work space, until the screen builder interface is displayed in the Graph Editor Window. Click on the Insert Text Resource button on the Screen Builder tool bar, and click at any position in the work area. Double click on the current value of Font Name (New Times Roman). This will bring up a dropdown list. Set the new font name as Arial (or any other). Double click on the current value of Font Size (20). Enter the desired text size (40) in the text editor. Double click on the far right end of the value field of the Text property. This will bring up an attribute editor dialog. Click on DataSource node under TRIAL sequence on the node selection list. Double click on the word node in the node attributes window. This will update the contents of Attribute editor dialog as @[emailprotected]. Click on the OK button to finish. Check the Use Runtime Word Segment box. This will create interest area automatically for the text used. Select the newly added text resource, click on both Horizontal Center Alignment and Vertical Center Alignment buttons to place the text in the center of the screen. Select the text resource on the work area, click the right mouse button, and select the Lock Selection option so that the resource will not be moved accidentally. Writing Trial ID to EDF file A TRIALID message should be written to the EDF file so that the actual experiment condition under which the trial was conducted can be identified during analysis. Click on the Experiment (the topmost) node in the structure list to start. In the property table, click on the value field of the EyeLink © DV Variables property. In the following dialog box, for each of the variables to be added to the trial ID message, select the variable and click the ADD button. The order of the selected variables can be modified with the Move up and Move down buttons. Click on OK to finish. Showing Experiment Progress Message on Tracker Screen During trial recording, a text message can be displayed at the bottom of the tracker screen so that the experimenter can be informed of the experiment progress. For example, in this experiment, a text message like Trial 1/12 One on the tracker screen was shown. Click on the Recording sequence node in the structure list to start. In the property panel, click on the far right end of the value field of the EyeLink © Record Status Message property. In the attribute editor, enter an equation as: =Trial + str(@[emailprotected]) + /12 +str(@[emailprotected]) Click on the OK button to finish. Building the Experiment Click on Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Build menu to build the experiment. The Editor Selection Tab in the Graph Editor Window will be set to the Output tab and build information will be displayed. Watch out for error (displayed in red) and warning (in brown) messages during building. The following is a list of common errors during experiment building: Image file not found No positions are added to the custom pattern Use of runtime value with pre-build to image option on No value is set at row for the column The node could not be used in the sequence Reference to not found in the graph. No link from node. Infinite loop found Invalid Reference. No recording sequence found in an EyeLink © experiment. The following is a list of common warnings during experiment building: The keyboard trigger and mouse trigger is used in a real-time sequence. If this is the case, check whether these two triggers are indispensable for the experiment design. If so, uncheck the Is Real-time box in the recording sequence. Default value use in attribute The user may also test the experiment by clicking on Experiment à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¾ Run from the application menu-bar. This will try to connect to the tracker PC and execute the experiment code. It should be noted that this should only be used for the purpose of testing and debugging experiment code. To collect experiment data, the user should use the deployed version of the experiment as it does not have to rely on the Experiment Builder application and can be run on a different computer. Deploying the Experiment After the experiment is built, the user must deploy the experiment to a new. This will generate a set of files so that the experiment can be run on a different computer without relying on the Experiment Builder application. If a data source is used, this will create a datasets subdirectory with a copy of data set file in it. The user can create several copies of data set files with the randomizer application Running the Experiment To run the experiment, open the directory where the experiment is deployed to and click on .exe. If the EyeLink © host application is already running on the Host PC and the Ethernet connection and settings between the host and Display PCs are ok, the experiment should now start. This will first popup a dialog box asking for the data source file. Go to the datasets directory and select the target data source file. Following this, enter the desired EDF file name (must be in DOS 8.3 format) and click on the OK button to continue. Following the initial welcome message, the participant will be shown the camera setup and calibration screen and the recording can be started following calibration, validation, and drift correction. After the experiment has ended; an EDF file will be transferred to the Display PC. It may take some time to complete the file transfer. Possible Errors Error in Initializing Graphics: When you start the experiment and see an Error Initializing Graphics error, please check whether the display settings (screen resolution, colour bits, and refresh rate) specified for the experiment are supported by your video card. If not, please change the Preferences à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Devices à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Display settings. Error in Tracker Version: SR Research Experiment Builder works well with both EyeLink and EyeLink II eye trackers. The default tracker version is set to EyeLink II (see Preferences à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Experiment à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Devices à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ EyeLink). Therefore, EyeLink I users may see such an error message with the default tracker setting. If this is the case, please set the tracker-version in the device settings to EyeLink I. Participant Data Set Randomization In most experiments, the user will need to randomize trial order so that the experiment materials are not presented in the same sequence across participants. Randomization of data source can be done with either an internal randomizer or an external randomizer. These two randomization methods are almost identical and therefore the user may use the internal randomizer to perform randomization unless counterbalancing or Latin-square designs are needed. The configuration of the internal randomization settings should be done before deploying the experiment project whereas the external randomization can be done after deploying the experiment project. Data Collection Data can now be collected from the deployed version of the experiment. Double click on the executable file in the deployed experiment directory or type in the .exe file name from the command-line prompt. If the experiment uses a data source, a dialog will be displayed, allowing the user to choose the appropriate data source file. In an EyeLink © Experiment, the user will also be asked to enter the experiment session name. At the End of experiment, an EDF file will be generated for EyeLink © recording session and saved in the experiment directory. Optional result file(s) will be created if the user has specified them in EyeLink © and non-EyeLink © experiments. Data Analysis EyeLink © recording file can be conveniently analyzed with EyeLink © Data Viewer as the experiments created with Experiment Builder are fully integrated with this analysis tool. Experiment Builder sends messages to the data file so that images or simple drawing can be added as overlay background. The user can also specify trial variables, create interest areas, and send messages for the ease of data analysis. The result file(s) from a non-EyeLink © recording session contains columnar outputs for selected variables in the experiment. This file can be easily loaded by common statistics packages. Lists of Application Menu Bar and Toolbar File Menu and Tool Buttons Edit Menu and Tool Buttons Experiment Menu and Tool Buttons Help Menu Lists of Actions, Triggers and Other Node Types Actions Triggers Other Node Types

Cinderella Syndrome Essay -- essays research papers

Cinderella Syndrome I think the time has come for someone to write â€Å"Cinderella: The Sequel.† How did we get here? In 1697, French writer Charles Perrault updated an age-old fairy tale about a young woman named Cinderella to appeal to his contemporaries, French nobility and bourgeoisie. So many of the early versions of the tale boasted a very resourceful young woman who played an active role in her destiny. Perrault, however wrote his Cinderella as a well-mannered, docile, selfless women who would fit seamlessly with the ideal 17th century upper-class society. Historically, fairy tales have reflected the values of society in which they were written or revised mirroring its preoccupations, obsessions, ambitions, and shortcomings. What do these updates say about our culture’s view of women and marriage? It was this version that Walt Disney made famous in the 1950’s and to which feminists strongly reacted to in the 1960’s and 1970’s and ultimately co-opting the story to their own needs. What do these updates say about our culture’s view of women and marriage? In her famous poem, â€Å"Cinderella, Ann Sexton mocks the happily ever after. â€Å"Cinderella and the prince lived, they say, happily ever after, like two dolls in a museum case that was never bothered by diapers or dust.† Today’s teenage girls have been brought up by women who read Sexton and her peers and who have taught their daughters that they can want it all, marriage, career, family. But can they have it all? I feel that ...

Virginia Woolfs Style And Subject In A Room of Ones Own Essay

Times have changed since universities admitted only male students. Women have gained the right to educate themselves, and the division of the sexes in business has decreased dramatically. When Virginia Woolf wrote her essay A Room of One’s Own, however, there was a great lack of female presence in literature, in writing specifically. In the essay, Woolf critiques this fact by taking the reader on a journey through a day in the life at a fictional university to prove that although women are capable of critical thought and want to write great works of literature, they are unable to for lack of means. The way she comes to this conclusion through writing a work of fiction is not only interesting, but also very unusual. Using the generalizing term 'I', commenting on what she is doing, and shifting gears abruptly are some stylistic ways in which she makes her point that women need money and a room of their own in order to write fiction. Looking at chapters one and six of the e ssay, it is clear to see that the way she writes about women in fiction, while critiquing the lack thereof in confrontational and sarcastic manner, shows that although Woolf is ardent about getting her message across, she is aware that she may be brushed aside by her male oppressor. Throughout A Room of One’s Own, Woolf uses 'I' and different personas to eloquently relate a day in the life at her fictional university, Oxbridge. It is immediately clear that she is not referring to herself, Virginia Woolf, when she says 'I' because she conveniently adds a disclaimer as she begins her fiction, 'Here then was I (call me Mary Beton, Mary Seton, Mary Charmichael or by any name you please' it is not a matter of any importance) sitting on the banks of a river a we... ...ay form while speaking to the fact that perhaps all fiction should be written this way. It is beneficial to write an essay in this style because it makes the reader look deeper for the meaning in it all. In chapter one especially, the reader is forced to wonder what significance each occurrence has and how each instance relates to women in fiction. It becomes clearer in chapter six, when the point is laid out plainly, but the stylistic choices are still bearing on the fact that you must read critically to understand the true meaning of the piece. This is true for most fiction, but for this essay specifically, the importance of the issue and the style of the writing go hand in hand to create for the reader a nugget of truth to stow away in his notebook forever. Works Cited Woolf, Virginia. A Room of One's Own. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1989.

Isaiah 10:1-6 The Hebrews Prophets: Isaiah & Amos :: essays research papers

Isaiah 10:1-6 The Hebrews Prophets "Woe to those who make unjust laws, to those who issue oppressive decrees , to deprive the poor of their rights and withhold justice from the oppressed of my people. Making widows their prey and robbing the fatherless. What will you do on the day of the reckoning, when disaster comes from afar? To whom will you run for help? Where will you leave your riches? Nothing will remain but to cringe among the captives, of fall among the slain.. Yet for all this his anger is not turned away. His hand is still upraised. â€Å"Woe to the Assyrian, the rod of my anger, in whose hand is the club of the wrath! I send him against a Godless nation, I dispatch him against a people who anger me, to seize loot and snatch, and to trample them down like mud in the streets." These writings, from the enscriptures of the bible some say philosophical, inspire mystery, wonder and the relation to how true they are. I have a monotheistic way of thinking, though the bible is said to be the writings of the way of life of Moses and the Hebrews, I am puzzled by how certain writings pertain to society, culture and the life of man and women today. As I try to decipher this passage in my own words of Isaiah. One is speaking of the oppression committed by man upon man. It is Jesus asking why man whom were created as brother and sister making unjustly laws...deprive the poor of their rights...withhold the justice from the oppressed of my people. I strongly believe there is a judgment day. For all the wrongs committed in society against one another and against oneself; as the sacred body that be. Harming thy brethren, killing thy neighbor, steeling. All to satisfy the wants for themselves. It is all competitive. Part of my heritage being of Blackfoot Indian descent, the way of life is to create and live life from the gifts of nature in which thy God provided. I can almost guarantee the society today living of monetary value, would not know how to survive if everything all of a sudden were taken away. A sudden exhausting rainfall, which flooded the cities, and devoured the homes, and cars, and other belongings. Some consider this to happen on Judgment Day or the day of Reckoning. As a punishment for man creating these evil doings. People today are so encompassed in the American Way of Living they cannot sacrifice for a minute to live without..forks, eating with thyne hands.

On the Beach: Sexism and Tourism Essay

Since the 1800’s, tourism has played a major role in the world economy. It has helped improve suffering economies that are unable to rely solely on their exports, and provided poorer nations with foreign currency and foreign investment, which can help to improve the economy of the poorer nation. Tourism has also encouraged development of modern skills as well as new technologies. (Enloe 233) In conclusion, tourism has become one of the most valued sources of income for many countries around the world. However, while tourism has played an important role in the economic standing of underdeveloped nations, it has also encouraged many gender stereotypes, and as not provided to be an equal or a non-discriminatory industry. Two of the major areas in the tourism industry where there are obvious gender differences are in advertisement and employment. When it comes to the issue of tourism and advertisement, the way men and women are depicted in tourist advertisements are based upon peo ple’s presumptions about masculinity and femininity. Because of history depiction of males as the one’s whore are more likely to travel, and women who travel as being improper, (Enloe 208) the majority of tourist advertisements are directed at men. This is apparent through the use of sex appeal. An example of an advertisement that uses this device is the advertisement for Singapore Airlines, which is mentioned in the text On the Beach: Sexism and Tourism. In this advertisement, there is nothing more but a ethnic woman holding a lily while standing in a misty setting. No information about the airline and its rates are given. (Enloe 222) This clearly demonstrates how women are used for there femininity is tourism advertisements. This obvious use of sex appeal is used to entice men to use Singapore Airlines. When deciding what airline to use, they’re more likely to remember the one that had the attractive woman in its advertisement. Furthermore, it is possible for them to hold a subconscious belief that they will meet a woma n similar to the one depicted in the advertisement if they use that airline. Even in the advertisements that do show males, the differences between masculinity and femininity are apparent. The men will often be shown in police or military uniforms to give an image of safeness and security. On the other hand, women are usually depicted in colorful peasant dress, to give the illusion of them being welcoming and, more importantly to the male viewers, available. (Enloe 222) The way the most ethnic women are depicted in these advertisements  gives the illusion that they are wilder and easily attainable, much more so than women back home. Men seeing these women depicted in the advertisements as they are, are more inclined to view them as something to experience and enjoy. (Enloe 216) The gender stereotypes in tourist industries are reinforced by the choice of employees, as the majority of them are women. For example, in the Caribbean, during the 1980’s over 75 per cent of tourist employees were women. The reason for this high percentage is due to the fact that most of the jobs that relate to tourist industries are viewed as women’s work. The most common tourist industry jobs involve cleaning, washing, cooking, and serving. On of the reasons the female employment rate for the tourist industry is so high is because in society a man who took part in women’s work was seen as losing is masculinity, whereas these jobs were not seen reducing femininity for women. As well, studies have shown that women tourists prefer, and feel more comfortable when other women wait them on. (Enloe 223) Furthermore, because women are usually passed a lower salary than men, by hiring more women employees, tourist companies are able to cut cost by paying the women employees far less than they would the males. (Enloe 224) The use of gender stereotypes in the tourist industry, as outlined in the text On the Beach: Sexism and Tourism are predominantly used for improving sales, and cutting financial costs. Tourist companies are aware that the depiction of women as exotic and welcoming will appeal to males, and hiring more women employees that men is financially beneficial. As a result, it is likely that these gender stereotypes will remain unless they become the cause of a decrease in profits.

Mobile Phone and Broadband Network

StarHub is Singapore's fully-integrated info-communications company, offering a full range of information, communications and entertainment services for both consumer and corporate markets. StarHub operates a HSPA+ mobile network that delivers up to 42Mbps for downlink to complement its nationwide GSM network, and an LTE network that provides connection speeds of up to 75Mbps in key business areas. It also manages an island-wide HFC network that delivers multi-channel pay TV services (including HDTV, Internet TV and on-demand services) as well as ultra-high speed residential broadband services.StarHub operates an extensive fixed business network that provides a wide range of data, voice and wholesale services. Over Singapore’s fibre-based Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network, StarHub offers a broad range of home and business broadband plans along with a host of advanced media-rich value-added services. Launched in 2000, StarHub has become one of Singapore's most innova tive info-communications providers, and the pioneer in ‘hubbing' – the ability to deliver unique integrated and converged services to all its customers.StarHub, listed on the main board of the Singapore Exchange since October 2004, is a component stock of the Straits Times Index and the MSCI Singapore Free Index. Personal Solutions Mobile * Innovative price plans that include cost-saving features such as Free Incoming Local Calls, Per Second Billing, Flat Roaming Rates, All Day Flat Calling Rate, and Free IDD 018 Calls to 18 destinations * Green Pre-paid service * BlackBerry service, the world's leading secure wireless email platform * Mobile broadband service delivered over StarHub's 4G and 3. G network * Mobile data service offers a price cap for data access packages, so customers can surf with peace-of-mind from the mobile phone * StarHub TV on Mobile service that streams pay TV channels including National Geographic Channel and CNN over StarHub's advanced mobile bro adband network * Home Zone, a 3G femtocell service which allows customers to make mobile calls at home through their broadband cable connection * International Roaming service to more than 230 destinations * StarHub is a member of the Conexus Mobile Alliance, which was formed to enhance member's ompetitiveness in international roaming and corporate mobile services in their own counties and across Asia Pacific. It is now Asia's largest alliance of mobile operators with a coverage footprint to over 350 million subscribers in more than 12 countries and regions pfingo pfingo (short for phone, freedom, Internet, on the go) is a VoIP service developed by StarHub. pfingo enables users to make and receive local and overseas calls from their computer or SIP-enabled mobile phones at low rates, regardless of the mobile or broadband network users are connected to.The pfingo account is free and calls between pfingo users are also free. Other rich features that pfingo offers include SMS, fax, fre e push email (Google Mail, Yahoo! Mail, or any POP3 email services), multi-headed chat (Yahoo! Messenger, Google Chat, Windows Live Messenger, ICQ Chat), and foreign number services. For as little as S$2/month, pfingo users enjoy the use of a 3-series Singapore phone number with free incoming calls. To find out more, visit  www. pfingo. com Wireless Broadband StarHub Wireless Broadband is available at Suntec Convention Centre and certain areas of Suntec Retail Mall, Singapore Expo, all The Coffee Bean ; Tea Leaf outlets, as well as selected areas in Changi Airport Terminals 1, 2 and 3 * StarHub customers enjoy free wireless broadband access at all StarHub hotspots in Singapore. In addition, they can get free access to [email  protected] services through a Memorandum of Understanding reached between StarHub and QMax Communications. As a pioneer member of the Wireless Broadband Alliance, StarHub together with other member operators, has been driving the adoption of wireless broadb and technologies and services around the world by developing a common commercial, technical and marketing framework for wireless network interoperability. StarHub has enabled wireless broadband international roaming capabilities in Australia, Japan, Malaysia, UK, the USA and more. IDD StarHub's IDD offerings include the StarHub IDD 008 and 018 services, HomeConnect (pre-paid IDD card) and the StarHub International Calling Card (post-paid IDD card) * StarHub's post-paid and pre-paid mobile customers enjoy free IDD 018 calls to 18 selected destinations. Home Solutions Pay TV * StarHub is Singapore's largest pay TV operator, offering a full suite of quality international channels of news, movies, entertainment, sports, music and education, and seven local free-to-air channels. StarHub's digital platform allows customers to enjoy interactive applications and advanced features. * Operates the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) system which offers better quality service and a compellin g selection of channels for corporate customers. * Offers Southeast Asia's first commercial High Definition Television (HDTV) service. Currently carries six HD Channels. * Offers Demand TV and Internet TV Residential Broadband * MaxOnline, StarHub's cable modem service is the first â€Å"always-on†, unlimited broadband Internet access plan launched in Singapore. Offers MaxInfinity fibre broadband service, offering download speeds of up to 1Gbps * Offers Anytime TV which allows customers to access StarHub TV’s on-demand library of more than 6,500 TV shows and movies as well as 12 complimentary pay-TV channels. Residential Voice * Digital Voice, a personal fixed line voice service that is delivered over StarHub's broadband network. * For a low monthly subscription fee, customers can enjoy outgoing/incoming local calls for free. Online Value-added Services Online music portal * Email service * Content filtering service * Online storage service Business Solutions StarHub o ffers a host of services for businesses of every size. We customise our solutions to meet our customers' needs, and help them stay ahead of the competition. Our services include: Business Voice ; IDD * StarHub IDD 008, StarHub IDD 018, domestic and international ISDN, business voice services, fixed number related services, and domestic toll-free services (1800 services) Data Services Ethernet Leased Line (ELL), Switched Ethernet (SWE), Super Direct Service (SDS), Domestic Leased Circuit (DLC), International Ethernet Private Line (IEPL), International Private Leased Circuit (IPLC) IP/Internet Services * Business Broadband (ADSL and Enterprise Web), Business Internet (Internet Leased Line), IP Transit Service (Velocity and StarHub IP Exchange/SiX), Switched Ethernet IP Services (SWE), Internet Clean Pipe, Online Storage – Business Global Managed Services * Arcstar Global Managed Services, BT Global Managed Services StarHub Global Conferencing Services StarHub Global Conferencin g Services International Wholesale Voice Services * Carriers around the world, as well as Service-Based and Facilities-Based Operators in Singapore, use StarHub's International Wholesale Voice service to help them reach the destinations they need via StarHub's established international interconnections. Logo The StarHub identity is an expression of our intention to be a proactively innovative company. We want to do things differently, to enhance customer choices for info-communications services and therefore, their quality of life.We recognise that the world in which we live in is changing rapidly, and in order to enable our customers to get the most out of life and their choice of communications services, StarHub will have to explore new horizons and broaden our perspective. Our visual identity is a positive expression of this goal. It recognises people as individuals and that everyone has the power to change for the better. It is confident, forward-looking and dynamic as expressed by the vibrant colours.The transition from Blue to Green, emphasizes the transformation that we want to bring to people’s lives through innovative and integrated info-communications solutions. StarHub’s corporate logo embodies the essence of a Chinese proverb which when translated means â€Å"green is derived from blue and green will become more brilliant than blue†; in short, the pupil shall surpass the teacher. Like the star depicted in its corporate identity, StarHub will adopt a dynamic and forward-looking stance, poised to transform the industry landscape and service mindset in a brand new way. Culture StarHub VisionTo be Singapore’s first choice for information, communications and entertainment services. StarHub Mission To provide every person, home and business in Singapore with world-class multimedia services and content StarHub Core Values ExCITe : Excellence, Creativity, Integrity, Teamwork. 2010 Milestones November * Introduced Singaporeâ€⠄¢s first solar-powered mobile base station enabled vehicle. September * Introduced a broad range of home and business broadband plans along with a host of advanced media-rich value-added services over Singapore’s fibre-based Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network. July Adopted world’s first smartphone signalling solution to further enhance network performance and improve end-user smartphone experience. * Launched Singapore's first full DRM-free unified music store. May * Made available Singapore’s first microSIM card to support compatible mobile devices. * Scored broadcast rights to the 2010 FIFA World Cup. March * Commenced HSPA+ network upgrade to support up to 42. 2Mbps on the downlink. January * Launched new mobile TV client to enhance TV viewing on smartphones. * Partnered Golden Village and launched Singapore’s first movie-ticketing service on television.

Assessment Of Special Education Centers And Its Impact Education Essay

The birth of any kid can hold a important consequence on the kineticss of the household. Parents and other kids in the household must undergo a assortment of alterations to follow to the force per unit area of a new member. The consequence of the birth of a handicapped kid on household can be even more profound. The physically challenged kids are often characterized by extremes of behaviours, which in some instances influence the interactions they have with parents and siblings. The excess attention and particular adjustments are required by them. Families of physically challenged kids likely vary in their behaviour, societal attitude and household relationships as compared to households who do non hold disabled kids ( Hussain and Juyal, 2007 ) . Disability could be seeable or unseeable, impermanent or lasting. The first major and systematic record of handicapped individuals in Pakistan is available from 1961 nose count. Harmonizing to this record about 2 per centum of the population suffered from all sorts of disablements, peculiarly the kids of age group 0-14 old ages after the initial crisis, many parents develop healthy and constructive attitude towards their disabled kids maximal population of Pakistan lives in rural countries so bulk of the kids are born and brought up at that place. The overall status of our small towns gives their life as start with multiple disadvantages. They suffer from unwellness caused by malnutrition and non-hygienic status. The state of affairs of disabled kids is far from satisfactory. The causes of this calamity are poorness, ignorance, malnutrition, hapless lodging installations, unequal health care and environment act as a accelerator for infection. Good physical and mental growing can non be achieved in an environment where there is poorness and wretchedness, nutrient and shelter is unequal and wellness services are either missing or highly unequal. The inauspicious societal, economic and environmental conditions can be considered responsible for the hapless rational public presentation of many kids, who in more favourable environment could develop abilities within a spectrum. ( David, 1978 ) Education of the disable kids was considered as useless exercising. The premise was in past that a disable individual could ne'er go an built-in member of the society. Persons with professional expertness to learn handicapped kids were non available and there was no substructure to back up the instruction, preparation and rehabilitation of particular kids. The clip has changed and the instruction of disable has started with a focal point. A gradual realisation has emerged that the instruction of a disable kid is every bit of import as the instruction of an able bodied chief watercourse kid. The particular school system evolved in Pakistan every bit early as first decennary of 20th century, nevertheless the schools are non in sufficient Numberss to provide all the particular kids. The function of non-government organisations ( NGOs ) is really important in the development of particular instruction in Pakistan. The installations to back up higher instruction for particular people in co lleges and universities are non available. The mainstream schools do non hold instructors and equipment to suit particular kids ( Ali, 2003 ) . One-fourth of the instructors believed that they had sufficient schoolroom clip for inclusion attempts, that they were presently prepared to learn pupils with disablements, or that they would have sufficient preparation for inclusion attempts. These findings were interpreted as support for the premise that instructors viewed pupils with disablements in the context of the world of the general instruction schoolroom instead than as support for the prevailing attitudes about integrating. General instruction instructors therefore demonstrated certain reluctance about inclusion that must be addressed if such a policy alteration was to be successful ( Welch, 1989 ) . The accent on particular instruction as a topographic point deflected attending off from the fact that particular instruction was a more comprehensive procedure whose existent kineticss were major subscribers to its success or failure A important portion of the particular instruction procedure was represented in the beliefs and actions of general instruction. An incorporate system means that particular instruction can non move independently as a separate system, but must explicate policy in response to the attitudes, perceptual experiences, and behaviours of general instruction ( Gallagher, 1994 ) . Consideration for the demands of pupils of particular school is the most cardinal facet of particular instruction. It non merely assist instructors to be after, invent and implement modified course of study but besides steer them to make congenial schoolroom environment, set single educational programs, arrange suited educational resources, follow effectual instruction schemes, and choice appropriate rating methods to better the larning out comes of particular kids. Parents themselves take their disable kid to particular school where the school staff entree their demands without following any standardised method for measuring the degree of kid ‘s disablement. Consequently, a really small item about the particular educational demands of the assessed kid is available which is non sufficient for instructors to invent effectual educational programs and set up appropriate resources for such kids ( Coenen et al 2006 ) . The issues refering instruction of disabled kids and sociological position are globally highlighted by societal scientist. The complexness in the nature of jobs has farther demanded prudent attempts particularly in traditional societies of developing states. Dera Ghazi Khan remained distant and disadvantaged territory of Punjab in footings of resource allotment yet the being and sustainability of particular instruction centres will find the socio economic position of disabled kids. The rating of centres will assist in finding the demands and jobs of these incapacitated population strata. In this respect the present survey will be lending a significant portion in bettering the efficiency of services provided to disable kids. Main aims of the survey are To analyze the jobs and jeopardies faced by disabled kids in particular instruction centre. To entree the quality of services being offered to particular kids in their centres. To do suggestions for policy shapers to minimise the dependence of particular kids.REVIEW OF LITERATURE:Mext ( 2002 ) explored that instruction system for kids with particular demands was switching to particular support instruction at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Ministry of instruction, civilization, athleticss, scientific discipline and engineering mentioned that the particular support instruction is a primary accelerator for the advancement toward an equal chance society for all kids including persons with disablements. The chief rule of particular support instruction is run intoing single demands of each kid. A womb-to-tomb support system shall be developed through co-operation among every sector in society to advance kids ‘s liberty and engagement in all societies. Ali ( 2003 ) studied the development of particular instruction web in historical position and the nature and set some steps for its betterment. In her survey she designed assorted instruments and conducted interviews of the particular pedagogues, support professionals, parents of particular kids and particular individuals. She found that the parent engagement in the instruction of particular kids is at minimum. A portion from this she besides concluded that huge bulk of parents of particular kids of all classs and particular individuals are non to the full satisfied with the instruction being given to their kids. She besides concluded that the function of non-government organisations ( NGOs ) was really important in the development of particular instruction in Pakistan ; nevertheless the installations to back up higher instruction for particular people in colleges and universities were non available. Alam et Al ( 2005 ) studied the behaviour of parents towards physically handicapped kids in Islamabad metropolis by questioning method. They found that a major proportion of the respondents had intermediate to graduation degrees of instruction. About 30 % of the respondent ‘s kids suffered from deaf and shit and blind. Majority of the respondents said that their kids were physical disableds since birth. Kitcher et Al ( 2005 ) studied that behavioural upsets were non merely really straitening to multiply disabled patients and their households but besides had a negative impact on their acquisition at school or other installation, peer relationships and societal competency, so more attending should be paid to name ( detect and classify ) and sharply treat behavioural upsets by pharmacological, educational and environmental intercessions. Kazimi ( 2007 ) reported that in Pakistan, three systems of Education at present operate 1. Normal schools 2.Special Education Schools and 3. Inclusive Schools. In the last named particular pupils of merely the lower categories were accommodated. She argued that jobs associated with working environment in Pakistan were broad ranging and have really terrible consequence on the personality of the individual, particularly when working with kids in particular scene or in inclusive scenes with mental deceleration or physical damage. Further more, Teachers really frequently experience stress due to professional demands and equivocal occupation description, parental force per unit area, non-supportive behaviour and deficiency of pupil motive. Similarly, Teachers working in mainstream inclusive instruction puting experience less emphasis. Molnara et Al ( 2008 ) reported the instruction of the extroverted coevals was ever a hard undertaking and this was peculiarly true for those educational institutes where pupils necessitating particular intervention were educated. These pupils were frequently educationally challenged, mentally challenged or multi-challenged. They present an international co-operation lasting for three old ages whose premier end was to build non-language-dependent package for disabled kids. They introduce the establishments taking portion in the development, the procedure of the plan ‘s creative activity, the stairss to use the plan and the possibilities and methods of betterment. Rao ( 2008 ) studied the individuals with disablements enjoyed co-existence, though at different times, the intervention and attitudes were at discrepancy. Out of all the types of disablements, an rational disablement airss greater challenges than the other types. The households of individuals with rational disablements did besides have demands different from others, which can non be segregated from the demands of kids with rational disablement. The National Institute for the Mentally Handicapped had developed many service theoretical accounts and contributed toward human resource development and research. National Policy has besides considered as important the development of human resources for supplying instruction to all kids with disablements in the general instruction watercourse. Many mileposts have been left behind in the way, important accomplishments have been made and chances have been created for the handicapped. Fletcher ( 2009 ) studied the pupils with a schoolmate with serious emotional job experience decreases in first-grade trial tonss, particularly pupils in low-income schools and within schools utilizing school-level fixed effects specifications were qualitatively similar. The magnitude of the decrease in mathematics accomplishment was about 30-60 per centum of the size of the adjusted black-white accomplishment spread. Since about 10 per centum of the pupil population has a schoolmate with a serious emotional job, the aggregative consequence on trial tonss of the policy of including these pupils is potentially rather big. Nabeel ( 2009 ) stated that Department of particular instruction Allama Iqbal Open University ( AIOU ) through distance acquisition system offers study/training at alumnus, Masterss and Ph. D. degrees. Teachers are prepared in 6 specialised countries of ocular Impairment, physical disablements, hearing damage, rational disablement, larning disablement and inclusive instruction. Each pupil is assigned to a coach who is a capable specializer. The particular instructor readying theoretical account through distance instruction system is highlighted. Pasha ( 2009 ) assessed that no standardised method is being used for particular instruction. In Pakistan International Classification of Functioning has emerged as a standardised method for mensurating wellness and disablement at both single and population a degree. He explored the range of ICF in the field of particular instruction and has established links between ICF classs and course of study countries, schoolroom activities and larning aims for bettering the quality of instruction. Further research has been recommended to happen solutions to get the better of the initial jobs in accommodating ICF model in the field of Particular Education in Pakistan.VI. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe proposed survey will be conducted in three Government particular instruction centres viz. D.G.Khan, Sakhi Sarwar and Kot Chutta of Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan. A sample of 40 handicapped pupils will be selected through simple random trying technique from each particular instruction centre. Thus a sample of 12 0 respondents will be interviewed with the aid of good structured questionnaire. Data will be analyzed by appropriate statistical technique. The information obtained will be utilized to better particular instruction of disable kids.LITERATURE CITED:Alam, A. , H. Noureen, N. Akhtar, M. Imran, I. Iqbal and M. Jamil. 2005. Behavior of parents towards physically handicapped kids. J. Agri. Soc. Sci. 1 ( 1 ) : 1813-2235. Ali, A. K. 2003. A historical and appraising survey of particular instruction in Pakistan. Ph.D. thesis, University of Karachi, Karachi. Coenen, M. , A. Cieza, T.A. Stamm, E. Amann, B. Kollerits and G. Stucki. 2006. Validation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and wellness arthritis research & A ; therapy 8 ( 4 ) 35-47. David, T.1978. The societal psychological science of childhood disablement, Methuen and co. Ltd. London, 11 ( 4 ) 112-113. Fletcher, J. M. 2009. The Effects Of inclusion on schoolmates of pupils with particular demands: The instance of serious emotional jobs. A Edu. Fin. Ass. 4 ( 3 ) : 278-299. Gallagher, J. J. 1994. The pull of social forces on particular instruction. J. of Special Edu, 27 ( 2 ) :521-530. Hussain, A. and I.Juyal. 2007. Stress assessment and get bying schemes among parents of physically challenged kids. jamia millia islamia, new Delhi j. of the Indian academy of applied psychological science. 33 ( 2 ) :179 -182. Kazimi, A. B. 2007. A critical analysis of the emphasis bring oning factors in particular and inclusive instruction system. J.Manag. Soc. Sci.3 ( 2 ) : 87-93. Kitchener, N. , M. Khalaf, A. Raouf, and N. Nagy. 2005. Behavioral upset in multiple disabled Egyptian kids. the international J. of child neuropsychiatry. 2 ( 1 ) : 89-96. Mext.2002. Particular Support Education in Japan, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/tokubetu/03110701/002.pdf Molnara, I. T. , T. Radvanyib and E. Kovacsb. 2008. The use of altered ict in the instruction of kids with particular educational demand in different states of Europe. Ann. Math et inf. 35: 189-204. Nabeel, T. 2009. Teacher instruction for distance acquisition based particular instruction in Pakistan.j.Dis.Edu.10 ( 1 ) :83-95. Pasha, S. 2009. Scope of icf in particular instruction in Pakistan. J. Of research and contemplations in edu. 3 ( 1 ) : 34-48. Rao, L. G. 2008. Education of individuals with rational disablements in India. Salud Publica Mex. 50 ( 2 ) : 205-212. Welch, M. 1989. A cultural position and the 2nd moving ridge of educational reform. J. of Learning Disabilities. 22 ( 3 ) : 537-540. Student: Hammad Ahmad ______________Supervisory Committee:Ms. Sumaira Bano ( Chairperson ) _______________ Mr. Muhammad Ali Tarar ( Member ) _______________ Mr. Muhammad Ali ( Member ) _______________Forwarded:Head of SectionSocial Sciences and Rural Development College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan.Scrutiny commission:a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€  a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a ) Dr. Shafqat Nawaz B ) Dr. Muhammad Mudassar Maqboola†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€  a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ degree Celsius ) Mr. Muhammad Shahid Nisar vitamin D ) Dr. Fida HussainForwarded:a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ a†Ã‹â€ PrincipalCollege of Agriculture Dera Ghazi Khan Sub-Campus University of Agriculture Faisalabad